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Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 42(6): 360-365, Nov.-Dec. 2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-771144

ABSTRACT

Objective: to analyse the indications and results of the total esophagogastrectomy in cancers of the distal esophagus and esophagogastric junction. Methods: twenty patients with adenocarcinomas were operated with a mean age of 55 ± 9.9 years (31-70 years), and 14 cases were male (60%). Indications were 18 tumors of the distal esophagus and esophagogastric junction (90%) and two with invasion of gastric fundus (10%) in patients with previous gastrectomy. Preoperative colonoscopy to exclude colonic diseases was performed in ten cases. Results: the surgical technique consisted of median laparotomy and left cervicotomy, followed by transhiatal esophagectomy associated with D2 lymphadenectomy. The reconstructions were performed with eight esophagocoloduodenoplasty and the others were Roux-en-Y esophagocolojejunoplasty to prevent the alkaline reflux. Three cases were stage I / II, while 15 cases (85%) were stages III / IV, reflecting late diagnosis of these tumors. The operative mortality was 5 patients (25%): a mediastinitis secondary to necrosis of the transposed colon, abdominal cellulitis secondary to wound infection, severe pneumonia, an irreversible shock and sepsis associated with colojejunal fistula. Four patients died in the first year after surgery: 3 (15%) were due to tumor recurrence and 1 (5%) secondary to bronchopneumonia. The 5-year survival was 15%. Conclusion: the total esophagogastrectomy associated with esophagocoloplasty has high morbidity and mortality, requiring precise indication, and properly selected patients benefit from the surgery, with the risk-benefit acceptable, contributing to increased survival and improved quality of life.


Objetivo: avaliar as indicações e resultados da esofagogastrectomia total seguida de esofagocoloplastia, nas neoplasias do esôfago distal e da transição esofagogástrica. Métodos: foram avaliados os dados epidemiológicos, o quadro clínico, a indicação cirúrgica, o tipo de reconstrução, as complicações clínicas e cirúrgicas e a mortalidade. Resultados: Nas reconstruções foram realizadas oito esofagocoloduodenoplastias e as demais foram esofagocolojejunoplastias em Y de Roux, visando prevenir o refluxo alcalino. Três casos eram estádios I/II, enquanto 15 (85%) casos eram estádios III/IV, refletindo o diagnóstico tardio destes tumores. A mortalidade operatória foi cinco pacientes (25%): uma mediastinite secundária à necrose do cólon transposto, uma celulite abdominal secundária à infecção de ferida operatória, uma broncopneumonia grave, um choque irreversível e uma sepse associada à fístula colojejunal. Quatro doentes morreram no primeiro ano de pós-operatório, sendo que três (15%) deveram-se à recidiva tumoral e um (5%) secundário à broncopneumonia. A sobrevida de cinco anos foi 15%. Conclusão: a esofagogastrectomia total associada à esofagocoloplastia apresenta elevada morbimortalidade, necessitando indicação precisa. Os pacientes corretamente selecionados beneficiam-se da operação, sendo o risco-benefício aceitável, contribuindo para o aumento da sobrevida e melhora da qualidade de vida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Esophageal Neoplasms/surgery , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Esophagectomy , Gastrectomy , Quality of Life , Esophagogastric Junction , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
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